Dark energy as hydrodynamic pressure

Standard cosmology accounts for the accelerating expansion of the universe with a dark energy term, the cosmological constant Λ. RSI treats the acceleration as a hydrodynamic necessity rather than a new kind of energy.

In RSI, the universe is a toroidal system. The Big Bang was not a single explosion but the start of the Exhale. The Eternal Consonance flows outward from the Source at the center of the torus toward the edge, and galaxies are carried along by this radial current.

In a widening nozzle or a radial flow, the pressure gradient makes the fluid speed up. Chapter VII describes how the field's grip weakens as knot density thins out, so the kinetic flow of the medium comes to dominate. RSI identifies observed dark energy as the dynamic pressure of this flow as it accelerates into lower density. In the paper's words, the universe is not expanding into nothing. It is flowing into itself.